An old man with hat outstretched during Christmas time

Christmas is Coming

Christmas is coming, the goose is getting fat
Please put a penny in the old man’s hat;
If you haven’t got a penny, a ha’penny will do,
If you haven’t got a ha’penny, then God bless you!

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Meaning

This traditional nursery rhyme and Christmas carol celebrates the festive season, focusing on charity, generosity, and the anticipation of Christmas feasts. The “goose is getting fat” refers to the traditional Christmas bird in England before turkey became popular. The rhyme encourages giving to those less fortunate, even if it’s a small amount or just a blessing, embodying the spirit of kindness and community during the holidays.

Origin

First appearing in print around 1885-1886, this rhyme was already part of common Christmas tradition by then. It is listed as number 12817 in the Roud Folk Song Index and attributed as a traditional English carol, with some melody arrangements credited to Edith Nesbit Bland and Walford Davies.

Time Period

Popularized in the late 19th century and continuing as a well-loved Christmas song in both the UK and the USA into the present day.

Why It Became Popular

Its simple, catchy tune and rhythm make it easy to learn and sing, while its message of charity appeals universally during the holiday season. The rhyme succinctly captures the festive mood and communal goodwill associated with Christmas.

Structure and Style

Meter: Simple, repetitive, singable meter
Rhyme Scheme: AABB
Line Count: Four lines
Style Notes: Christmas carol, nursery rhyme, round song

Themes

Charity and generosity
Festive anticipation
Community spirit
Traditional Christmas feast

Language Notes

Uses simple English with dialect words like “ha’penny” (half penny) that convey historical and cultural authenticity. The rhyme is often sung as a round, enhancing musical learning and social engagement.

Moral or Lesson

Promotes kindness and giving according to one’s means, highlighting that even small acts or blessings are meaningful during festive times.

Historical or Cultural Notes

Reflects Victorian era Christmas customs centered on communal feasts and charity. The transition from goose to turkey as the traditional Christmas meal is a cultural point of note. The rhyme is rooted in English folk tradition but embraced internationally[web:1416][web:1414].

Notable Variants

Some versions substitute “geese” with “goose” or adapt “penny” to “nickel” or other currencies depending on region. The melody may vary, including arrangements based on “Country Gardens.”[web:1411][web:1412].

Appearances in Media or Literature

Featured in Christmas carol compilations, children’s song collections, and has appeared in the soundtrack of animated specials such as “A Charlie Brown Christmas.” It remains a staple in Christmas music education and holiday festivities[web:1415].

Suggested Activities

Singing in a Round: Teach the rhyme as a round to promote music skills and group participation.
History Discussion: Explore Christmas traditions in Victorian England and elsewhere.
Charity Project: Encourage children to think about giving during holidays, inspired by the rhyme.
Art Project: Illustrate traditional Christmas scenes based on the song’s imagery.